إستخدام إنزيم البنکرياتين فى ترميم وصيانة القطعة النسجية رقم 1389 المحفوظة بمتحف کلية الآداب جامعة الإسکندرية.Using a pancreatin enzyme in conservation of antique textile piece NO.1389 preserved in the faculty of Arts museum, Alexandria University.

نوع المستند : Original Article

المؤلف

المعهد العالي للسياحة والفنادق وترميم الاثار

المستخلص

إنزيم البنکرياتين من الإنزيمات المتفردة في عملها، إذ أنه يعمل على تحليل الإتساخات المرکبة من أکثر من مادة کالبقع المختلطة من مواد بروتينية ونشوية ودهنية. ولکون إنزيم البنکرياتين يتمتع بهذا التفرد تم توظيفه لتنظيف إحدى القطع النسجية الأثرية المحفوظة بمتحف کلية الآداب جامعة الإسکندرية، حيث تم إجراء جانب تجريبي شمل تطبيق التنظيف بالإنزيم على عينات نسجية تجريبية مشابهة لمادة الأثر في طبيعتها، لکي نستخلص من هذه التجارب الظروف المثلى لتطبيق الإنزيم على القطعة النسجية الأثرية وکذلک دراسة مدى التأثيرات السلبية للمعالجة على العينات موضع الدراسة التجريبية. وقد تم إجراء الجانب التطبيقي في إطار خطة علاج متکاملة لقطعة نسيج أثرية نفذت زخارفها بأسلوب اللحمات غير الممتدة ومحفوظة بمتحف کلية الآداب جامعة الإسکندرية ، حيث شملت دراسة نوع الألياف وإتجاه برم الخيوط من خلال إستخدام الميکروسکوب الإلکترونى الماسح والتي أکدت أن ألياف القطعة هي ألياف کتانية فيما عدا ألياف الأشرطة الزخرفية هي ألياف صوفية ، وتم فحص التراکيب النسجية المستخدمة بالقطعة ليتضح أنها نسيج السادة 1/1 ومشتقاته، وقد تم تطبيق المعالجة بإنزيم البنکرياتين من خلال الأسلوب الموضعي باستخدام کمادة قطنية حتى لا تتأثر الأشرطة الزخرفية الصوفية بالسلب ، لتنتهي المعالجة بشطف وتجفيف القطعة النسجية ليتم تثبيتها على حامل کتاني باستخدام التقوية بشغل الإبرة من خلال غرز السراجة المتنوعة.
Antique textile conservators have long recognized the advantages of enzymes in the textile conservation. Most commonly, hydrolases enzymes are employed in the conservation of antique textile to assist in the breakdown of adhesive residues from previous restorations or to facilitate the removal of some stains. The principal advantages of these enzymes are their specificity and efficiency in catalyzing hydrolytic cleavage of polymers such as proteins, polysaccharides, and lipids.
The applied section was carried out within the framework of an integrated treatment plan for an antique textile piece in the Museum of the Faculty of Arts. The study included identification of fibers type and the direction of thread twisting through using scanning electron microscopy, which confirmed that the fibers of the piece are linen fibers except for the decorative part which is made of woolen fibers. HPLC was used to analyze the natural dye and XRD analysis was used to analyze the dye mordant. The weave structures used in the piece were examined to emphasis that it is a plain weave 1/1 and its derivatives. The treatment was carried out by using pancreatin enzyme through a cotton poultice, in order not cause negatively effect on the woolen decorative stripes.

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