راشد, محمد جمال. (2021). تصنيف المتاحف وفقا لطبيعة الحيز الذي يشغله. حولية الاتحاد العام للآثاريين العرب "دراسات فى آثار الوطن العربى", 24(1), 489-523. doi: 10.21608/cguaa.2021.60245.1065
محمد جمال راشد. "تصنيف المتاحف وفقا لطبيعة الحيز الذي يشغله". حولية الاتحاد العام للآثاريين العرب "دراسات فى آثار الوطن العربى", 24, 1, 2021, 489-523. doi: 10.21608/cguaa.2021.60245.1065
راشد, محمد جمال. (2021). 'تصنيف المتاحف وفقا لطبيعة الحيز الذي يشغله', حولية الاتحاد العام للآثاريين العرب "دراسات فى آثار الوطن العربى", 24(1), pp. 489-523. doi: 10.21608/cguaa.2021.60245.1065
راشد, محمد جمال. تصنيف المتاحف وفقا لطبيعة الحيز الذي يشغله. حولية الاتحاد العام للآثاريين العرب "دراسات فى آثار الوطن العربى", 2021; 24(1): 489-523. doi: 10.21608/cguaa.2021.60245.1065
يقدم هذا البحث منهجية لتصنيف المتاحف وفقا لطبيعة الحيز الذي يشغله المُتحف کأحد المعايير القياسية للتصنيف. إذ يرسم تصورا متکاملا لأنواعه التي يأتي تصنيفها طبقا لطبيعة الحيز الذي يشغله سواء أکان في الواقع المادي أو الأفتراضي. ومن ثم يستعرض التعريف الدقيق لکل التصنيفات الفرعية للمتاحف وفقا لطبيعة فضائها، الدوافع والأسباب لظهورها وتطورها، مدعما بأمثلة استشهادية وتطبيقية لکل نوعية. فضلا عن محاولة فض الإشتباک فيما بين المتاحف التي يحدث تداخلا لدي البعض في تصنيفها مع المعايير القياسية الأخرى؛ فضلا عن استعراض التصنيفات الفرعية لأنواع المتاحف طبقا لطبيعية حيزها. وتصنف المتاحف طبقا للحيز أو فضاء المُتحف لأنماط أربع رئيسية، وهي: [نمط معماري، نمط مفتوح، نمط متنقل، ونمط إفتراضي]. وتدرج التصنيفات الرئيسة والفرعية تحتها کما تحددها الدراسة، وتقدم تعريفات دقيقة للفصل فيما بينها. ويناقش بعض النقاط ذات الصلة تحددها التساؤلات التالية: هل المُتحف يشغل مکان قائم بالفعل بالشکل المادي الملموس؟ وهل الحيز يتجسد في مقر دائم ذو بناء ثابت؟ أم مکان مفتوح في الهواء الطلق؟ وإن لم يکن کذلک، فهل يقوم بدوره في صورة مُتحف متنقل؟ أم أنه يعمل بشکل إفتراضي ليحقق الوصول عن بعد للزائر؟ وإذا ما قبلنا الفرضية الأخيرة بأن يکون المُتحف متنقل أو أفتراضي، فهل يقتصر أداء دوره عبر المتحف المتنقل أو الواقع الإفتراضي فقط؟ أم أن ذلک يأتي کجزء من تفعيل دور المتحف تحقيقا للإتاحة؟ بجانب الدور الرئيسي للمُتحف من مقره الرئيسي الثابت بالصورة التقليدية المعروفة للمتاحفـ والتي يشغل فيه المتحف مبني قائم دائم. وما هي أنواع المتاحف التي ينظر لتصنيفها طبقا لفضاء المُتحف؟ Museum Classification according to its Spatial Dimension Abstract: This paper proposes a criteria for museum classification according to the museum's dimension. It presents a complete classification to museum types according to the nature of space/ dimension of the museum including physical and virtual dimensions. It specifies these types and presents a specific definition to each type and its possible sub-divisions; followed with a reading in its appearance, development with examples for each type. It also sort a criteria to avoid confusion or any mixing between museum types under other measurable classification criteria. The paper introduces four types for museum dimensions: physical and virtual types. The physical type includes architectural, open air, and mobile types. In accordance, the article sets the main museum types and their subdivision under these types. The discussion considers also the expected overlap between these types and / or with other museum types. The list includes the Open-Air Museum and Site Museum; and Mobile Museum and the Virtual Museum; together with the possible subdivisions for the Open-Air and Mobile museums.
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