متوفى يتلقى هدايا رأس السنة في مقابر طيبة الخاصة Deceased receives New Year Gifts in Theban Private Tombs

Ebied, . Ahmed

doi:10.21608/cguaa.2014.44333

متوفى يتلقى هدايا رأس السنة في مقابر طيبة الخاصة Deceased receives New Year Gifts in Theban Private Tombs

نوع المستند : Original Article

المؤلف

. Ahmed Ebied

South Valley University

10.21608/cguaa.2014.44333

المستخلص

The Theban necropolis is located on the western bank of Thebes, covering an area about 5.5 square miles and it contains not only tomb but also some temple, chapels and palaces. Scenes depicting the deceased receive New Year gifts are in various parts of the Theban private tombs, like Sheikh Abd el-Qurna, El-Khokha.
One can wonder why more of these scenes are found in the tombs of individuals at New Kingdom period? The answer is surely not unambiguous. It is probable that the owner of tomb whose functions have a relationship with royal worship, and which did depend economically on a temple of million years, felt less concerned. Maybe he also questioned a sovereign's will to which nothing special had connected him to serve him as an intercessor with the gods?
The New Year gifts appears in figures of many and different type in the New Kingdom private tombs at Thebes. The Categories of these figures or scenes are presented by Porter and Moss.[1] All the scenes depicted the New Year gifts before deceased and his wife, or from wife and all of the family, or from a person. This paper hopes to build on that by taking the case of representations of deceased receives New Year gifts, and discussing what they may tell us about the role of the deceased in the lives of the people.
This paper will display these entire scenes with the aim of showing if certain scenes were restricted to certain parts of the tombs and also it will be conducted by displaying the scenes in tables, the numbers that I give number '1' to each scene not like P. M Numbers.
The research question is: If the New Year gift scenes have been represented in the same area and what does it means? And, the main question is: Who was giving this New Year gifts to the deceased or the owner of the tombs? Why?
تقع جبانة طيبة في الضفة الغربية، ولم تحتوي علي المقابر فحسب، بل بعض المعابد، المقاصير والقصور. الجدير بالذکر أن هناک العديد من المشاهد التي تصور المتوفى يتلقي هدايا السنة الجديدة في أجزاء مختلفة منها، مثل التي وردت في مقابر الأفراد بشيخ عبد القرنة، وفي الخوخة.
وهنا يمکن للمرء أن يتساءل لماذا وجدت العديد من هذه المشاهد في مقابر أفراد الدولة الحديثة في جبانة طيبة خاصة ؟ والجواب ربما کان لصاحب القبر علاقة بالأسرة الحاکمة أو ممن تقلدوا وظائف مهمة.
وتأمل هذه الورقة البحثية في الوصول إلي حصر مناظر تمثيل المتوفى وهو يستقبل هدايا السنة الجديدة، التي ظهرت بأشکال مختلفة في المقابر محل الدراسة ومنها ما کان للمتوفى وزوجته، أو من زوجتة أو جميع أفراد الأسرة، أو من شخص ما إلي المتوفي وربما عبرت هذه المناظر عن دور المتوفي في حياة الناس. وسيعرض البحث بعض هذه المناظر التي ظهرت في مقابر الأفراد بطيبة من عصر الاسرة الثامنه عشر وهو ما توصل إليه البحث من عدم وجود مثل هذه المناظر بعيداً عن هذه الأسرة.

[1] P. M, I, p. 472, no. 33.

النص الكامل

Deceased, New Kingdom, New Year gifts, New Year Festival, Private Tombs, Thebes

المراجع

List of Figures:

Fig (1): Puimre and his wife Tanefert with New Year gifts, (south) right wall, south chapel (TT. 39), Davies, Norman de Garis, The tomb of Puyemrê at Thebes, II, The chapels of hope, New York, 1923, pl. lviii

Fig (2): Puimre and his wife Sensonb with New Year gifts, (north) left wall, south chapel (TT. 39), Davies, Norman de Garis, The tomb of Puyemrê at Thebes, II, The chapels of hope, New York, 1923, pl. lviii

Fig (3): Intefiqer and his wives inspect four registers of New Year gifts, north wall (TT. 60), Davies, Norman de Garis, The Tomb of Antefoker, Vizier of Sesostris I and of His Wife, Senet (No. 60), TTS, 2, London: EES, 1920, pl. xiv

Fig (4): The gifts of the New Year, north wall (TT. 60), Davies, Norman de Garis, The Tomb of Antefoker, Vizier of Sesostris I and of His Wife, Senet (No. 60), TTS, 2, London: EES, 1920, pl. x

Fig (5): The gifts of the New Year, north wall (TT. 60), Davies, Norman de Garis, The Tomb of Antefoker, Vizier of Sesostris I and of His Wife, Senet (No. 60), TTS, 2, London: EES, 1920, pl. xiii

Fig (6): Owner of the tomb receives New Year gifts from his wife and his family with remains of texts.

Fig (7): Owner of the tomb receives New Year gifts from his wife and his family with remains of texts.

Fig (8): North west wall, left part, Säve-Söderbergh, T., Four Eighteenth Dynasty Tombs, Private Tombs at Thebes, 1, Oxford, 1957, pl. ii

Fig (9): Hatshepsut kneeling between Sekhmet and Amun (TT. 73), Säve-Söderbergh, T., Four Eighteenth Dynasty Tombs, Private Tombs at Thebes, 1, Oxford, 1957, pl. iii

Fig (10): Hatshepsut kneeling between Wert-Hekau and Khnum (TT. 73), Säve-Söderbergh, T., Four Eighteenth Dynasty Tombs, Private Tombs at Thebes, 1, Oxford, 1957, pl. iii

Fig (11): New Year gifts [gold statuettes of Tuthmosis IV censing before himself and his mother queen Teye] (TT. 76), Säve-Söderbergh, T., Four Eighteenth Dynasty Tombs, Private Tombs at Thebes, 1, Oxford, 1957. pp. 50-52, pl. lxxii.

Fig (12): Left of doorway, above stela, Nakht offers bouquet to Tuthmosis III, La tombe de Nakht, Musées Royaux d'Art et d'Histoire, Brüssel, Bruxelles: Musées Royaux d'Art et d'Histoire, 1972, Guides du Département Égyptien, 1, p. 16